Herbicide tolerance on new barley and wheat cultivars

| Date: 14 Jun 2008

 Steve Walker and John Churchett
DPI&F, Leslie Research Centre, Toowoomba, Queensland

Introduction

The barley and wheat cultivars bred for the Northern Region are routinely tested for their tolerance to herbicides in three stages. Prior to release and commercialisation, the cultivars are screened with six standard herbicides; Ally, 2,4-D, Glean, MCPA LVE, Starane and Tordon242 for wheat; and Achieve, Ally, 2,4-D, MCPA LVE, Starane and Tordon242 for barley. After commercialisation, they are screened with a wider range of commonly used herbicides. When widely grown, they are tested further with more herbicides.

The research is undertaken in weed-free sites in southern Queensland, where yields are compared between those sprayed at the recommended and double rates with the untreated controls for each cultivar. The herbicide rates and crop stages at spraying are presented at the bottom of each of the following tables. If there is a significant yield loss at the recommended rate, this is expressed as a percent yield reduction compared with the unsprayed.

This paper presents the results on the herbicide tolerance of the new barley and wheat cultivars that have been released in the last five years. Research was conducted from 2002 to 2007, but not all cultivars and herbicides were tested each year.

Barley cultivars

The yield responses of 8 recently released barley cultivars to 18 herbicides are summarised in Table 1. For the tested cultivar / herbicide combinations, 66% had no significant yield losses at both rates, and 26% had significant yield losses only at the double rate.
Significant yield reductions at the recommended rate were recorded for the following cultivars:
• Binalong: Bromicide 200 11% in 1 of 5 trials; Cadence 11% in 1 of 4 trials; Starane 12% in 1 of 6 trials; Tristar Advance 30% in 1 of 3 trials
• Cowabbie: MCPA LVE 12% in 1 of 4 trials
• Mackay: Cadence 7-13% in 2 of 4 trials; MCPA LVE 5-16% in 2 of 7 trials; Tristar Advance 11-21% in 2 of 3 trials

Wheat cultivars

The yield responses of 20 recently released wheat cultivars to 23 herbicides are summarised in Table 2. For the tested cultivar / herbicide combinations, 74% had no significant yield losses at both rates, and 20% had significant yield losses only at the double rate
Significant yield reductions at the recommended rate were recorded for the following cultivars:
• EGA Bellaroi: Ally + MCPA LVE 9% in 1 of 2 trials.
• EGA Wylie: Mataven90 as SST 9-13% in 2 of 2 trials; MCPA LVE 22% in 1 of 2 trials
• Ellison: Ally 8% in 1 of 6 trials; Cadence 23% in 1 of 4 trials; Mataven90 as SST 14-21% in 4 of 5 trials
• GBA Hunter: MCPA LVE 17% in 1 of 2 trials; Mataven90 as SST 13% in 1 of 1 trial
• Jandaroi: Ally 9% in 1 of 2 trials; Mataven90 as SST 15% in 1 of 1 trial
• QALBis: Ally 12-14% in 2 of 3 trials
• Rees: Ally 11% in 1 of 3 trials; Glean 16% in 1 of 3 trials; Mataven90 as SST 7-9% in 2 of 5 trials; TriflurX 23% in 1 of 2 trials.
• Ventura: Ally 6-10% in 2 of 5 trials; Cadence 13% in 1 of 4 trials; Glean 15-19% in 2 of 5 trials

Ratings

The sensitivity of these 8 barley and 20 wheat cultivars is summarised in Table 1 and 2 respectively, using the following symbols based on the yield responses across all trials:
• S (safe) no significant yield reductions at recommended and double rates in 2+ trials, with the number of trials noted in brackets.
• N (narrow margin) significant yield reductions at double rate in 1+ trials, but not at recommended rate. The number of trials having significant yield reductions compared with the total number of trials tested is noted in brackets.
• x% yield reduction (warning) significant yield reduction at recommended rate in 1 trial only.
• x-y% yield reductions (warning) significant yield reductions at recommended rate in 2+ trials. 

 

Table 1. Barley cultivars response to herbicides in southern Queensland. The number of trials testing each herbicide and cultivar combination is given in brackets.

Cultivar
Achieve
Ally
Ally + MCPA
Amicide 625
Axial
100 EC
Boxer Gold
 
tralkoxydim
metsulfuron
metsulfuron +MCPA LVE
24D amine
pinoxaden
metolachlor + prosulfocarb
Binalong
N (1/3)
S (6)
S (3)
S (3)
S (2)
S (3)
Capstan
S (2)
S (2)
 
S (2)
 
 
Cowabbie
S (4)
S (4)
S (2)
S (3)
S (1)
S (3)
Fitzroy
N (1/5)
S (4)
S (2)
S (3)
S (1)
S (3)
Fleet
S (2)
S (2)
 
S (2)
 
 
Grout
S (5)
S (5)
S (2)
S (4)
S (1)
S (3)
Mackay
N (1/4)
S (7)
S (3)
S (4)
S (2)
S (3)
Vlamingh
S (1)
S (1)
 
S (1)
 
 
Rates (product/ha)
380-430 &
 760-860g
7 & 14g
7g+0.75L &
14g+1.5L
0.65 & 1.3L
150-200 &
300-400mL
2.5 & 5L
Crop stage at spraying
3-7 leaf +
1-6 tiller
3-7 leaf +
1-6 tiller
3-7 leaf +
1-6 tiller
6-7 leaf +
3-7 tiller
3-5 leaf +
1-3 tiller
Pre-plant
 

Cultivar
Bromicide MA
Bromicide 200
Cadence
Decision
Hotshot
MCPA 500
 
bromoxynil + MCPA
bromoxynil
dicamba
diclofop + sethoxydim
aminopyralid + fluroxypyr
MCPA
Binalong
S (2)
11
11
N (1/3)
N (1/4)
S (1)
Capstan
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cowabbie
S (2)
S (2)
N (1/1)
N (1/3)
N (1/4)
 
Fitzroy
N (1/1)
S (1)
 
S (2)
N (1/3)
 
Fleet
 
 
 
 
 
 
Grout
N (1/1)
S (2)
N (1/1)
S (2)
N (1/4)
 
Mackay
S (2)
N (2/5)
7-13
S (3)
N (1/4)
S (1)
Vlamingh
 
 
 
 
 
 
Rates (product/ha)
1.4 & 2.8L
1.4 & 2.8L
200 & 400g
1 & 2L
0.75 & 1.5L
0.75 & 1.5L
Crop stage at spraying
5-7 leaf +
3-4 tiller
5-7 leaf +
3-7 tiller
4-7 leaf +
2-5 tiller
3-6 leaf +
1-4 tiller
4-7 leaf +
 2-6 tiller
3-5 leaf +
+ 1-3 tiller
 

Cultivar
MCPA LVE
Starane 200
Tordon 242
Tordon 75D + 24D
Triflur X
Tristar Advance
 
MCPA
fluroxypyr
picloram + MCPA
picloram + 24D
trifluralin
diclofop + fenoxaprop
Binalong
N (2/6)
12
S (5)
N (1/3)
S (2)
30
Capstan
S (2)
S (2)
N (1/2)
 
 
 
Cowabbie
12
N (1/3)
S (3)
 
S (2)
S (2)
Fitzroy
N (1/4)
S (4)
N (1/3)
 
S (2)
S (1)
Fleet
N (1/2)
S (2)
N (1/2)
 
 
 
Grout
N (2/5)
N (1/5)
N (1/4)
 
S (2)
S (2)
Mackay
5-16
N (1/6)
N (1/6)
N (1/3)
S (2)
11-21
Vlamingh
S (1)
S (1)
S (1)
 
 
 
Rates (product/ha)
0.75 & 1.5L
1.0 & 2.0L
1.0 & 2.0L
300+470 &
600+940mL
1.5 & 3.0L
1.5 & 3L
Crop stage at spraying
3-7 leaf +
+ 1-6 tiller
5-7 leaf +
3-6 tiller
4-5 leaf +
1-3 tiller
5-7 leaf +
3-6 tiller
Pre-plant
2-6 leaf +
1-4 tiller
 
 


Table 2. Wheat cultivars response to herbicides in southern Queensland. The number of trials testing each herbicide and cultivar combination is given in brackets.

Cultivar
Achieve
Ally
Ally + MCPA
Amicide 625
Atlantis
Axial
100EC
Boxer Gold
 
tralkoxydim
metsulfuron
metsulfuron + MCPA
24D amine
mesosulfuron
pinoxaden
metolachlor + prosulfocarb
Carinya
 
S (2)
S (1)
 
S (2)
 
S (1)
EGA Bellaroi
S (3)
N (5)
9
S (2)
N (1/4)
S (1)
S (3)
EGA Burke
 
S (2)
S (1)
S (1)
S (1)
 
 
EGA Gregory
S (3)
N (2/4)
N (1/2)
S (1)
S (2)
 
S (1)
EGA Hume
S (3)
S (3)
S (1)
N (1/1)
S (4)
S (2)
S (2)
EGA Stampede
 
S (2)
 
N (1/2)
 
 
 
EGA Wentworth
S (2)
N (1/3)
S (2)
S (1)
S (2)
 
S (1)
EGA Wills
 
S (2)
 
S (2)
 
 
 
EGA Wylie
S (3)
N (3/4)
S (2)
S (1)
S (2)
 
S (1)
Ellison
S (3)
8
S (2)
N (1/1)
S (3)
S (1)
S (3)
GBA Hunter
S (2)
S (1)
 
 
S (1)
 
S (1)
GBA Sapphire
S (3)
S (2)
S (1)
 
S (1)
 
 
Jandaroi
 
9
S (1)
S (1)
S (1)
 
 
Kennedy
S (1)
N (1/8)
S (2)
S (3)
S (7)
S (4)
S (4)
Livingston
 
S (1)
 
S (1)
 
 
 
Merinda
 
S (2)
 
S (2)
 
 
 
QALBis
S (1)
12-14
 
N (1/1)
 
 
 
Rees
S (3)
11
N (1/1)
N (1/1)
S (3)
S (1)
S (3)
Sunzell
 
N (1/2)
N (1/1)
S (1)
S (1)
 
 
Ventura
S (3)
6-10
N (1/1)
N (1/2)
S (2)
 
S (1)
Rates
(product/ha)
380-430 &
 760-860g
7 & 14g
7g+ 0.75L & 14g+ 1.5L
0.65 & 1.3L
330 & 660mL
150-200 &
300-400mL
2.5 & 5L
Crop stage at spraying
3-5 leaf +
1-2 tiller
3-7 leaf +
1-6 tiller
4-7 leaf +
2-6 tiller
4-7 leaf +
3-9 tiller
2-4 leaf +
1 tiller
3-5 leaf +
1-2 tiller
Pre-plant
 


Table 2 continued

Cultivar
Bromicide MA
Bromicide 200
Cadence
Glean
Hotshot
Hussar
 
bromoxynil + MCPA
bromoxynil
dicamba
chlorsulfuron
aminopyralid + fluroxypyr
iodosulfuron
Carinya
 
 
S (1)
S (1)
S (2)
S (2)
EGA Bellaroi
S (1)
 
S (4)
S (5)
S (3)
N (1/5)
EGA Burke
 
 
 
S (1)
S (1)
S (1)
EGA Gregory
 
 
S (2)
S (4)
S (2)
S (3)
EGA Hume
S (2)
S (1)
N (1/3)
S (4)
S (3)
S (4)
EGA Stampede
 
 
 
S (2)
 
 
EGA Wentworth
 
 
N (1/2)
S (2)
S (2)
S (3)
EGA Wills
 
 
 
S (2)
 
 
EGA Wylie
 
 
S (2)
S (3)
S (2)
S (3)
Ellison
 
 
23
S (6)
S (3)
N (1/5)
GBA Hunter
 
 
N (1/2)
S (1)
S (2)
S (1)
GBA Sapphire
 
 
S (1)
S (1)
S (1)
S (1)
Jandaroi
 
 
 
S (1)
S (1)
(N) (1)
Kennedy
N (1/2)
N (1/4)
N (1/3)
S (4)
S (5)
N (2/10)
Livingston
 
 
 
S (1)
 
 
Merinda
 
 
 
S (2)
 
 
QALBis
 
 
N (1/2)
S (3)
 
 
Rees
 
 
N (1/2)
16
S (3)
S (4)
Sunzell
 
 
 
S (1)
S (1)
S (1)
Ventura
 
 
13
15-19
S (1)
S (3)
Rates
(product/ha)
1.4 & 2.8L
1.4 & 2.8L
200 & 400g
20 & 40g
0.75 & 1.5L
200 & 400g
Crop stage at spraying
6-7 leaf +
3-5 tiller
4-7 leaf +
3-7 tiller
3-6 leaf +
1-5 tiller
3-7 leaf +
1-6 tiller
5-7 leaf
3-5 tiller
2-5 leaf +
1-2 tiller
 

Cultivar
Mataven 90
Mataven 90 (SST)
MCPA 500
MCPA LVE
Starane 200
Topik 240EC
 
flamprop
flamprop
MCPA
MCPA
fluroxypyr
clodinafop
Carinya
S (1)
N (1/1)
 
S (2)
 
 
EGA Bellaroi
S (3)
S (3)
S (3)
S (4)
S (5)
S (3)
EGA Burke
 
N (1/1)
 
S (2)
S (1)
 
EGA Gregory
S (1)
N (1/2)
S (1)
N (1/3)
S (1)
S (1)
EGA Hume
N (1/3)
N (1/6)
S (3)
S (3)
S (5)
S (4)
EGA Stampede
 
 
 
S (2)
S (2)
 
EGA Wentworth
S (1)
S (1)
S (1)
N (1/3)
S (1)
 
EGA Wills
 
 
 
S (2)
S (2)
 
EGA Wylie
S (1)
9-13
N (1/1)
22
S (1)
S (1)
Ellison
N (1/2)
14-21
S (3)
N (2/5)
S (4)
S (3)
GBA Hunter
S (1)
13
S (1)
17
 
 
GBA Sapphire
 
N (1/2)
S (1)
S (2)
 
S (1)
Jandaroi
 
15
 
S (2)
S (1)
 
Kennedy
S (4)
N (1/5)
 
N (1/7)
S (8)
N (1/4)
Livingston
 
 
 
S (1)
S (1)
 
Merinda
 
 
 
S(2)
S (2)
 
QALBis
 
N (1/1)
S (2)
S (2)
S (2)
S (3)
Rees
N (1/2)
7-9
N (1/1)
S (3)
S (2)
S (1)
Sunzell
 
N (1/1)
 
S (2)
S (1)
 
Ventura
S (1)
N (1/1)
S (3)
S (4)
N (1/3)
N (1/3)
Rates
(product/ha)
2.5 & 5.0 L
1.85 & 3.75L
0.75 & 1.5L
0.75 & 1.5L
1.0 & 2.0L
85 & 170mL
Crop stage at spraying
5-7 leaf +
3-6 tiller
1-9 node
3-4 leaf +
1-2 tiller
3-6 leaf +
1-5 tiller
5-6 leaf +
3-6 tiller
3-5 leaf +
1-2 tiller

Table 2 continued

Cultivar
Tordon 242
Tordon 75D+24D
Triflur X
Wildcat
 
picloram + MCPA
picloram + 24D
trifluralin
fenoxaprop
Carinya
 
 
S (1)
 
EGA Bellaroi
S (4)
 
S (2)
S (3)
EGA Burke
S (1)
 
 
 
EGA Gregory
S (1)
 
S (1)
S (1)
EGA Hume
S (4)
 
S (1)
S (3)
EGA Stampede
N (1/2)
 
 
 
EGA Wentworth
S (1)
 
N (1/1)
 
EGA Wills
S (2)
 
 
 
EGA Wylie
S (1)
 
S (1)
S (1)
Ellison
S (3)
 
N (1/2)
S (3)
GBA Hunter
S (1)
 
S (1)
 
GBA Sapphire
S (1)
 
 
S (1)
Jandaroi
S (1)
 
 
 
Kennedy
N (1/8)
S (3)
N (2/3)
S (4)
Livingston
S (1)
 
 
 
Merinda
S (2)
 
 
 
QALBis
S (2)
 
 
S (3)
Rees
S (1)
 
23
S (1)
Sunzell
S (1)
 
 
 
Ventura
S (3)
 
S (1)
S (3)
Rates
(product/ha)
1.0 & 2.0L
300+470 &
600+940mL
1.5 & 3.0L
0.5 & 1.0L
Crop stage at spraying
4-6 leaf +
1-6 tiller
4-7 leaf +
3-9 tiller
Pre-plant
3-5 leaf +
1-2 tiller
 
Conclusions
With this information, growers and agronomists are able to select safer herbicide options for their sown cultivar or select a more tolerant cultivar for their important herbicide.
 
These ratings are only a guide based on this research, and more detailed information is available from John Churchett.  
 
For information on other herbicide tolerance research, visit the NVT website:
 
 
Contact details

John Churchett
Steve Walker
Principal Experimentalist
Principal Agronomist
Phone: 07 4639 8847
Phone: 07 4639 8838