Herbicide tolerance on new barley and wheat cultivars
| Date: 14 Jun 2008
Steve Walker and John Churchett
DPI&F, Leslie Research Centre, Toowoomba, Queensland
Introduction
The barley and wheat cultivars bred for the Northern Region are routinely tested for their tolerance to herbicides in three stages. Prior to release and commercialisation, the cultivars are screened with six standard herbicides; Ally, 2,4-D, Glean, MCPA LVE, Starane and Tordon242 for wheat; and Achieve, Ally, 2,4-D, MCPA LVE, Starane and Tordon242 for barley. After commercialisation, they are screened with a wider range of commonly used herbicides. When widely grown, they are tested further with more herbicides.
The research is undertaken in weed-free sites in southern Queensland, where yields are compared between those sprayed at the recommended and double rates with the untreated controls for each cultivar. The herbicide rates and crop stages at spraying are presented at the bottom of each of the following tables. If there is a significant yield loss at the recommended rate, this is expressed as a percent yield reduction compared with the unsprayed.
This paper presents the results on the herbicide tolerance of the new barley and wheat cultivars that have been released in the last five years. Research was conducted from 2002 to 2007, but not all cultivars and herbicides were tested each year.
Barley cultivars
The yield responses of 8 recently released barley cultivars to 18 herbicides are summarised in Table 1. For the tested cultivar / herbicide combinations, 66% had no significant yield losses at both rates, and 26% had significant yield losses only at the double rate.
Significant yield reductions at the recommended rate were recorded for the following cultivars:
• Binalong: Bromicide 200 11% in 1 of 5 trials; Cadence 11% in 1 of 4 trials; Starane 12% in 1 of 6 trials; Tristar Advance 30% in 1 of 3 trials
• Cowabbie: MCPA LVE 12% in 1 of 4 trials
• Mackay: Cadence 7-13% in 2 of 4 trials; MCPA LVE 5-16% in 2 of 7 trials; Tristar Advance 11-21% in 2 of 3 trials
Wheat cultivars
The yield responses of 20 recently released wheat cultivars to 23 herbicides are summarised in Table 2. For the tested cultivar / herbicide combinations, 74% had no significant yield losses at both rates, and 20% had significant yield losses only at the double rate
Significant yield reductions at the recommended rate were recorded for the following cultivars:
• EGA Bellaroi: Ally + MCPA LVE 9% in 1 of 2 trials.
• EGA Wylie: Mataven90 as SST 9-13% in 2 of 2 trials; MCPA LVE 22% in 1 of 2 trials
• Ellison: Ally 8% in 1 of 6 trials; Cadence 23% in 1 of 4 trials; Mataven90 as SST 14-21% in 4 of 5 trials
• GBA Hunter: MCPA LVE 17% in 1 of 2 trials; Mataven90 as SST 13% in 1 of 1 trial
• Jandaroi: Ally 9% in 1 of 2 trials; Mataven90 as SST 15% in 1 of 1 trial
• QALBis: Ally 12-14% in 2 of 3 trials
• Rees: Ally 11% in 1 of 3 trials; Glean 16% in 1 of 3 trials; Mataven90 as SST 7-9% in 2 of 5 trials; TriflurX 23% in 1 of 2 trials.
• Ventura: Ally 6-10% in 2 of 5 trials; Cadence 13% in 1 of 4 trials; Glean 15-19% in 2 of 5 trials
Ratings
The sensitivity of these 8 barley and 20 wheat cultivars is summarised in Table 1 and 2 respectively, using the following symbols based on the yield responses across all trials:
• S (safe) no significant yield reductions at recommended and double rates in 2+ trials, with the number of trials noted in brackets.
• N (narrow margin) significant yield reductions at double rate in 1+ trials, but not at recommended rate. The number of trials having significant yield reductions compared with the total number of trials tested is noted in brackets.
• x% yield reduction (warning) significant yield reduction at recommended rate in 1 trial only.
• x-y% yield reductions (warning) significant yield reductions at recommended rate in 2+ trials.
Table 1. Barley cultivars response to herbicides in southern Queensland. The number of trials testing each herbicide and cultivar combination is given in brackets.
Cultivar
|
Achieve
|
Ally
|
Ally + MCPA
|
Amicide 625
|
Axial
100 EC
|
Boxer Gold
|
|
tralkoxydim
|
metsulfuron
|
metsulfuron +MCPA LVE
|
24D amine
|
pinoxaden
|
metolachlor + prosulfocarb
|
Binalong
|
N (1/3)
|
S (6)
|
S (3)
|
S (3)
|
S (2)
|
S (3)
|
Capstan
|
S (2)
|
S (2)
|
|
S (2)
|
|
|
Cowabbie
|
S (4)
|
S (4)
|
S (2)
|
S (3)
|
S (1)
|
S (3)
|
Fitzroy
|
N (1/5)
|
S (4)
|
S (2)
|
S (3)
|
S (1)
|
S (3)
|
Fleet
|
S (2)
|
S (2)
|
|
S (2)
|
|
|
Grout
|
S (5)
|
S (5)
|
S (2)
|
S (4)
|
S (1)
|
S (3)
|
Mackay
|
N (1/4)
|
S (7)
|
S (3)
|
S (4)
|
S (2)
|
S (3)
|
Vlamingh
|
S (1)
|
S (1)
|
|
S (1)
|
|
|
Rates (product/ha)
|
380-430 &
760-860g
|
7 & 14g
|
7g+0.75L &
14g+1.5L
|
0.65 & 1.3L
|
150-200 &
300-400mL
|
2.5 & 5L
|
Crop stage at spraying
|
3-7 leaf +
1-6 tiller
|
3-7 leaf +
1-6 tiller
|
3-7 leaf +
1-6 tiller
|
6-7 leaf +
3-7 tiller
|
3-5 leaf +
1-3 tiller
|
Pre-plant
|
Cultivar
|
Bromicide MA
|
Bromicide 200
|
Cadence
|
Decision
|
Hotshot
|
MCPA 500
|
|
bromoxynil + MCPA
|
bromoxynil
|
dicamba
|
diclofop + sethoxydim
|
aminopyralid + fluroxypyr
|
MCPA
|
Binalong
|
S (2)
|
11
|
11
|
N (1/3)
|
N (1/4)
|
S (1)
|
Capstan
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cowabbie
|
S (2)
|
S (2)
|
N (1/1)
|
N (1/3)
|
N (1/4)
|
|
Fitzroy
|
N (1/1)
|
S (1)
|
|
S (2)
|
N (1/3)
|
|
Fleet
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Grout
|
N (1/1)
|
S (2)
|
N (1/1)
|
S (2)
|
N (1/4)
|
|
Mackay
|
S (2)
|
N (2/5)
|
7-13
|
S (3)
|
N (1/4)
|
S (1)
|
Vlamingh
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Rates (product/ha)
|
1.4 & 2.8L
|
1.4 & 2.8L
|
200 & 400g
|
1 & 2L
|
0.75 & 1.5L
|
0.75 & 1.5L
|
Crop stage at spraying
|
5-7 leaf +
3-4 tiller
|
5-7 leaf +
3-7 tiller
|
4-7 leaf +
2-5 tiller
|
3-6 leaf +
1-4 tiller
|
4-7 leaf +
2-6 tiller
|
3-5 leaf +
+ 1-3 tiller
|
Cultivar
|
MCPA LVE
|
Starane 200
|
Tordon 242
|
Tordon 75D + 24D
|
Triflur X
|
Tristar Advance
|
|
MCPA
|
fluroxypyr
|
picloram + MCPA
|
picloram + 24D
|
trifluralin
|
diclofop + fenoxaprop
|
Binalong
|
N (2/6)
|
12
|
S (5)
|
N (1/3)
|
S (2)
|
30
|
Capstan
|
S (2)
|
S (2)
|
N (1/2)
|
|
|
|
Cowabbie
|
12
|
N (1/3)
|
S (3)
|
|
S (2)
|
S (2)
|
Fitzroy
|
N (1/4)
|
S (4)
|
N (1/3)
|
|
S (2)
|
S (1)
|
Fleet
|
N (1/2)
|
S (2)
|
N (1/2)
|
|
|
|
Grout
|
N (2/5)
|
N (1/5)
|
N (1/4)
|
|
S (2)
|
S (2)
|
Mackay
|
5-16
|
N (1/6)
|
N (1/6)
|
N (1/3)
|
S (2)
|
11-21
|
Vlamingh
|
S (1)
|
S (1)
|
S (1)
|
|
|
|
Rates (product/ha)
|
0.75 & 1.5L
|
1.0 & 2.0L
|
1.0 & 2.0L
|
300+470 &
600+940mL
|
1.5 & 3.0L
|
1.5 & 3L
|
Crop stage at spraying
|
3-7 leaf +
+ 1-6 tiller
|
5-7 leaf +
3-6 tiller
|
4-5 leaf +
1-3 tiller
|
5-7 leaf +
3-6 tiller
|
Pre-plant
|
2-6 leaf +
1-4 tiller
|
Cultivar
|
Achieve
|
Ally
|
Ally + MCPA
|
Amicide 625
|
Atlantis
|
Axial
100EC
|
Boxer Gold
|
|
tralkoxydim
|
metsulfuron
|
metsulfuron + MCPA
|
24D amine
|
mesosulfuron
|
pinoxaden
|
metolachlor + prosulfocarb
|
Carinya
|
|
S (2)
|
S (1)
|
|
S (2)
|
|
S (1)
|
EGA Bellaroi
|
S (3)
|
N (5)
|
9
|
S (2)
|
N (1/4)
|
S (1)
|
S (3)
|
EGA Burke
|
|
S (2)
|
S (1)
|
S (1)
|
S (1)
|
|
|
EGA Gregory
|
S (3)
|
N (2/4)
|
N (1/2)
|
S (1)
|
S (2)
|
|
S (1)
|
EGA Hume
|
S (3)
|
S (3)
|
S (1)
|
N (1/1)
|
S (4)
|
S (2)
|
S (2)
|
EGA Stampede
|
|
S (2)
|
|
N (1/2)
|
|
|
|
EGA Wentworth
|
S (2)
|
N (1/3)
|
S (2)
|
S (1)
|
S (2)
|
|
S (1)
|
EGA Wills
|
|
S (2)
|
|
S (2)
|
|
|
|
EGA Wylie
|
S (3)
|
N (3/4)
|
S (2)
|
S (1)
|
S (2)
|
|
S (1)
|
Ellison
|
S (3)
|
8
|
S (2)
|
N (1/1)
|
S (3)
|
S (1)
|
S (3)
|
GBA Hunter
|
S (2)
|
S (1)
|
|
|
S (1)
|
|
S (1)
|
GBA Sapphire
|
S (3)
|
S (2)
|
S (1)
|
|
S (1)
|
|
|
Jandaroi
|
|
9
|
S (1)
|
S (1)
|
S (1)
|
|
|
Kennedy
|
S (1)
|
N (1/8)
|
S (2)
|
S (3)
|
S (7)
|
S (4)
|
S (4)
|
Livingston
|
|
S (1)
|
|
S (1)
|
|
|
|
Merinda
|
|
S (2)
|
|
S (2)
|
|
|
|
QALBis
|
S (1)
|
12-14
|
|
N (1/1)
|
|
|
|
Rees
|
S (3)
|
11
|
N (1/1)
|
N (1/1)
|
S (3)
|
S (1)
|
S (3)
|
Sunzell
|
|
N (1/2)
|
N (1/1)
|
S (1)
|
S (1)
|
|
|
Ventura
|
S (3)
|
6-10
|
N (1/1)
|
N (1/2)
|
S (2)
|
|
S (1)
|
Rates
(product/ha)
|
380-430 &
760-860g
|
7 & 14g
|
7g+ 0.75L & 14g+ 1.5L
|
0.65 & 1.3L
|
330 & 660mL
|
150-200 &
300-400mL
|
2.5 & 5L
|
Crop stage at spraying
|
3-5 leaf +
1-2 tiller
|
3-7 leaf +
1-6 tiller
|
4-7 leaf +
2-6 tiller
|
4-7 leaf +
3-9 tiller
|
2-4 leaf +
1 tiller
|
3-5 leaf +
1-2 tiller
|
Pre-plant
|
Cultivar
|
Bromicide MA
|
Bromicide 200
|
Cadence
|
Glean
|
Hotshot
|
Hussar
|
|
bromoxynil + MCPA
|
bromoxynil
|
dicamba
|
chlorsulfuron
|
aminopyralid + fluroxypyr
|
iodosulfuron
|
Carinya
|
|
|
S (1)
|
S (1)
|
S (2)
|
S (2)
|
EGA Bellaroi
|
S (1)
|
|
S (4)
|
S (5)
|
S (3)
|
N (1/5)
|
EGA Burke
|
|
|
|
S (1)
|
S (1)
|
S (1)
|
EGA Gregory
|
|
|
S (2)
|
S (4)
|
S (2)
|
S (3)
|
EGA Hume
|
S (2)
|
S (1)
|
N (1/3)
|
S (4)
|
S (3)
|
S (4)
|
EGA Stampede
|
|
|
|
S (2)
|
|
|
EGA Wentworth
|
|
|
N (1/2)
|
S (2)
|
S (2)
|
S (3)
|
EGA Wills
|
|
|
|
S (2)
|
|
|
EGA Wylie
|
|
|
S (2)
|
S (3)
|
S (2)
|
S (3)
|
Ellison
|
|
|
23
|
S (6)
|
S (3)
|
N (1/5)
|
GBA Hunter
|
|
|
N (1/2)
|
S (1)
|
S (2)
|
S (1)
|
GBA Sapphire
|
|
|
S (1)
|
S (1)
|
S (1)
|
S (1)
|
Jandaroi
|
|
|
|
S (1)
|
S (1)
|
(N) (1)
|
Kennedy
|
N (1/2)
|
N (1/4)
|
N (1/3)
|
S (4)
|
S (5)
|
N (2/10)
|
Livingston
|
|
|
|
S (1)
|
|
|
Merinda
|
|
|
|
S (2)
|
|
|
QALBis
|
|
|
N (1/2)
|
S (3)
|
|
|
Rees
|
|
|
N (1/2)
|
16
|
S (3)
|
S (4)
|
Sunzell
|
|
|
|
S (1)
|
S (1)
|
S (1)
|
Ventura
|
|
|
13
|
15-19
|
S (1)
|
S (3)
|
Rates
(product/ha)
|
1.4 & 2.8L
|
1.4 & 2.8L
|
200 & 400g
|
20 & 40g
|
0.75 & 1.5L
|
200 & 400g
|
Crop stage at spraying
|
6-7 leaf +
3-5 tiller
|
4-7 leaf +
3-7 tiller
|
3-6 leaf +
1-5 tiller
|
3-7 leaf +
1-6 tiller
|
5-7 leaf
3-5 tiller
|
2-5 leaf +
1-2 tiller
|
Cultivar
|
Mataven 90
|
Mataven 90 (SST)
|
MCPA 500
|
MCPA LVE
|
Starane 200
|
Topik 240EC
|
|
flamprop
|
flamprop
|
MCPA
|
MCPA
|
fluroxypyr
|
clodinafop
|
Carinya
|
S (1)
|
N (1/1)
|
|
S (2)
|
|
|
EGA Bellaroi
|
S (3)
|
S (3)
|
S (3)
|
S (4)
|
S (5)
|
S (3)
|
EGA Burke
|
|
N (1/1)
|
|
S (2)
|
S (1)
|
|
EGA Gregory
|
S (1)
|
N (1/2)
|
S (1)
|
N (1/3)
|
S (1)
|
S (1)
|
EGA Hume
|
N (1/3)
|
N (1/6)
|
S (3)
|
S (3)
|
S (5)
|
S (4)
|
EGA Stampede
|
|
|
|
S (2)
|
S (2)
|
|
EGA Wentworth
|
S (1)
|
S (1)
|
S (1)
|
N (1/3)
|
S (1)
|
|
EGA Wills
|
|
|
|
S (2)
|
S (2)
|
|
EGA Wylie
|
S (1)
|
9-13
|
N (1/1)
|
22
|
S (1)
|
S (1)
|
Ellison
|
N (1/2)
|
14-21
|
S (3)
|
N (2/5)
|
S (4)
|
S (3)
|
GBA Hunter
|
S (1)
|
13
|
S (1)
|
17
|
|
|
GBA Sapphire
|
|
N (1/2)
|
S (1)
|
S (2)
|
|
S (1)
|
Jandaroi
|
|
15
|
|
S (2)
|
S (1)
|
|
Kennedy
|
S (4)
|
N (1/5)
|
|
N (1/7)
|
S (8)
|
N (1/4)
|
Livingston
|
|
|
|
S (1)
|
S (1)
|
|
Merinda
|
|
|
|
S(2)
|
S (2)
|
|
QALBis
|
|
N (1/1)
|
S (2)
|
S (2)
|
S (2)
|
S (3)
|
Rees
|
N (1/2)
|
7-9
|
N (1/1)
|
S (3)
|
S (2)
|
S (1)
|
Sunzell
|
|
N (1/1)
|
|
S (2)
|
S (1)
|
|
Ventura
|
S (1)
|
N (1/1)
|
S (3)
|
S (4)
|
N (1/3)
|
N (1/3)
|
Rates
(product/ha)
|
2.5 & 5.0 L
|
1.85 & 3.75L
|
0.75 & 1.5L
|
0.75 & 1.5L
|
1.0 & 2.0L
|
85 & 170mL
|
Crop stage at spraying
|
5-7 leaf +
3-6 tiller
|
1-9 node
|
3-4 leaf +
1-2 tiller
|
3-6 leaf +
1-5 tiller
|
5-6 leaf +
3-6 tiller
|
3-5 leaf +
1-2 tiller
|
Cultivar
|
Tordon 242
|
Tordon 75D+24D
|
Triflur X
|
Wildcat
|
|
picloram + MCPA
|
picloram + 24D
|
trifluralin
|
fenoxaprop
|
Carinya
|
|
|
S (1)
|
|
EGA Bellaroi
|
S (4)
|
|
S (2)
|
S (3)
|
EGA Burke
|
S (1)
|
|
|
|
EGA Gregory
|
S (1)
|
|
S (1)
|
S (1)
|
EGA Hume
|
S (4)
|
|
S (1)
|
S (3)
|
EGA Stampede
|
N (1/2)
|
|
|
|
EGA Wentworth
|
S (1)
|
|
N (1/1)
|
|
EGA Wills
|
S (2)
|
|
|
|
EGA Wylie
|
S (1)
|
|
S (1)
|
S (1)
|
Ellison
|
S (3)
|
|
N (1/2)
|
S (3)
|
GBA Hunter
|
S (1)
|
|
S (1)
|
|
GBA Sapphire
|
S (1)
|
|
|
S (1)
|
Jandaroi
|
S (1)
|
|
|
|
Kennedy
|
N (1/8)
|
S (3)
|
N (2/3)
|
S (4)
|
Livingston
|
S (1)
|
|
|
|
Merinda
|
S (2)
|
|
|
|
QALBis
|
S (2)
|
|
|
S (3)
|
Rees
|
S (1)
|
|
23
|
S (1)
|
Sunzell
|
S (1)
|
|
|
|
Ventura
|
S (3)
|
|
S (1)
|
S (3)
|
Rates
(product/ha)
|
1.0 & 2.0L
|
300+470 &
600+940mL
|
1.5 & 3.0L
|
0.5 & 1.0L
|
Crop stage at spraying
|
4-6 leaf +
1-6 tiller
|
4-7 leaf +
3-9 tiller
|
Pre-plant
|
3-5 leaf +
1-2 tiller
|
John Churchett
|
Steve Walker
|
Principal Experimentalist
|
Principal Agronomist
|
Phone: 07 4639 8847
|
Phone: 07 4639 8838
|
Email: steve.walker@dpi.qld.gov.au
|
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